Interpretation of Ground Magnetic Data over a Basement Complex, North-Central Nigeria

Abstract: An attempt has been made to interpret ground magnetic and elevation data at Kwara State Polytechnic, Northcentral Nigeria. This study also investigates the contrasting outcomes of two groundwater boreholes situated at different elevations, part of which one is successful (good) and the other failed. The good borehole is strategically positioned at the edge of a high elevation associated with steeper slope benefiting from increasing aquifer pressure and effective water flow as highlighted by high horizontal and total gradient amplitudes. In addition, local wavelength depth estimates reveal relatively low per meter wavenumber depth, suggesting permeable subsurface with smoother variations conductive to groundwater flow. The corresponding failed borehole despite its relatively high elevation could be attributed to flatter slope, encountered challenges resulting in low horizontal and total gradient amplitudes and high local wavelength depth estimates. This study has highlighted the significance of considering elevation, gradient amplitudes, and local wavenumber depth in understanding hydrogeological conditions influencing groundwater borehole success or failure. Therefore, this study will serve as a paradigm in predicting newly target locations for abundant and sustainable groundwater supply within the study area.