Induction of Differentiation of <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> into Swarmer Cells

Source: Heering, J., et al. Induction of Cellular Differentiation and Single Cell Imaging of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Swimmer and Swarmer Cells. J. Vis. Exp. (2017)This video demonstrates the induction of swarmer cell differentiation in Vibrio parahaemolyticus using a specially prepared agar medium. By manipulating environmental cues such as iron depletion, calcium supplementation, and surface contact, the bacteria are stimulated to transition from their swimmer form into elongated swarmer cells with lateral flagella. These differentiated cells spread across the solid surface, forming characteristic swarm flares that signify successful morphological change.