Pengaruh Faktor Kehamilan terhadap Panjang Badan Bayi sebagai Indikator Awal Risiko Stunting di Kabupaten Kediri

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that is rooted in the womb. Factors such as maternal nutritional status, iron tablet consumption, ANC visits, and diet play a role in the baby's body length at birth, which is an early indicator of stunting risk. Analyze the factors that affect the baby's body length at birth as a predictor of stunting risk. This cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted in January – March 2024, involving 250 postpartum mothers on the first day at several TPMBs and hospitals with purposive sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and checklists of KIA books and analyzed using multiple linear regression tests. The average body length of babies is 47.2 ± 2.1 cm, with 35% of babies at risk of stunting. Bivariate analysis showed that maternal nutritional status (p = 0.002), iron tablet consumption (p = 0.005), ANC (p < 0.001), and diet (p = 0.001) had a significant relationship with infant body length. Multivariate analysis showed that ANC had the greatest influence (B = 0.25, p < 0.001), followed by diet, maternal nutritional status, and iron tablet consumption (R² =0.52). Adequate ANC, good nutritional status, a balanced diet, and adherence to the consumption of iron tablets play a role in preventing babies born with a body length at risk of stunting. Optimization of ANC services and nutrition education for pregnant women is needed to prevent stunting from an early age Abstrak Stunting merupakan masalah gizi kronis yang berakar sejak dalam kandungan. Faktor seperti status gizi ibu, konsumsi tablet zat besi, kunjungan ANC, dan pola makan berperan dalam panjang badan bayi saat lahir, yang menjadi indikator awal risiko stunting. Menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi panjang badan bayi saat lahir sebagai prediktor risiko stunting. Penelitian kuantitatif cross-sectional ini dilakukan pada Januari – Maret 2024, melibatkan 250 ibu nifas hari pertama di beberapa TPMB dan rumah sakit dengan purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan checklist buku KIA serta dianalisis menggunakan uji regresi linear berganda. Rata-rata panjang badan bayi 47,2 ± 2,1 cm, dengan 35% bayi berisiko stunting. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa status gizi ibu (p = 0,002), konsumsi tablet zat besi (p = 0,005), ANC (p < 0,001), dan pola makan (p = 0,001) memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan panjang badan bayi. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa ANC memiliki pengaruh terbesar (B = 0,25, p < 0,001), diikuti pola makan, status gizi ibu, dan konsumsi tablet zat besi (R² = 0,52). ANC yang cukup, status gizi baik, pola makan seimbang, dan kepatuhan konsumsi tablet zat besi berperan dalam mencegah bayi lahir dengan panjang badan berisiko stunting. Optimalisasi layanan ANC dan edukasi gizi ibu hamil diperlukan untuk pencegahan stunting sejak dini