Stretching water between two grooves

Controlling water motion on surfaces is critical for applications ranging from thermal management, passive water harvesting, to self-cleaning coatings. Yet stabilising continuous water films, desirable for their high surface coverage and drainage capacity, remains challenging with pure water, due to its high surface tension. Existing strategies rely on extreme wettability achieved by coating or fine-scale patterning, which are costly, fragile, or complex to scale. A robust, purely geometric solution is still lacking. We demonstrate that a pair of laser-engraved grooves on a moderately hydrophilic vertical substrate can laterally anchor water and stretch a continuous thin film, without any other surface treatment. Once stabilised, the film extends vertically over 100 capillary lengths (> 30cm), with thickness tunable via both flow rate and groove geometry. At the groove extremities, the end of anchoring triggers a cyclic instability, characterised by film rupture, retraction, and droplet release. The thickness of the film and retraction height obey predictive models, while droplet mass varies systematically with spacing and surface tension. This groove-based method offers a straightforward and scalable approach to creating, sustaining, and controlling thin water films. It opens new directions for passive liquid control in condensation, surface cleaning, and 2D millifluidic systems.

Publication Details

Journal
ArXiv.org
Published
2025-09-30
Primary Topic
Data Analysis with R
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

Funders

Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Stretching water between two grooves

ArXiv.org
Data Analysis with R
article

Stretching water between two grooves

article en

Abstract

Controlling water motion on surfaces is critical for applications ranging from thermal management, passive water harvesting, to self-cleaning coatings. Yet stabilising continuous water films, desirable for their high surface coverage and drainage capacity, remains challenging with pure water, due to its high surface tension. Existing strategies rely on extreme wettability achieved by coating or fine-scale patterning, which are costly, fragile, or complex to scale. A robust, purely geometric solution is still lacking. We demonstrate that a pair of laser-engraved grooves on a moderately hydrophilic vertical substrate can laterally anchor water and stretch a continuous thin film, without any other surface treatment. Once stabilised, the film extends vertically over 100 capillary lengths (> 30cm), with thickness tunable via both flow rate and groove geometry. At the groove extremities, the end of anchoring triggers a cyclic instability, characterised by film rupture, retraction, and droplet release. The thickness of the film and retraction height obey predictive models, while droplet mass varies systematically with spacing and surface tension. This groove-based method offers a straightforward and scalable approach to creating, sustaining, and controlling thin water films. It opens new directions for passive liquid control in condensation, surface cleaning, and 2D millifluidic systems.

ArXiv.org
Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Centro de Estudos Ambientais e Marinhos, Universidade de Aveiro
Clean water and sanitation
Openalex Percentile: Top 24%
Data Analysis with R
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.