Hábitos de los usuarios en ranchos y balnearios de Tecate, México: infraestructura y equipamiento para una experiencia recreativa y turística sostenible

This study analyzes, from the perspective of sustainable tourism, the usage habits and perceptions of visitors to ranches and spas in the municipality of Tecate, Baja California (Mexico). A quantitative descriptive approach was applied through structured questionnaires to a random sample of 290 users. The findings reveal the reciprocal role of these spaces in providing recreational benefits for the community, mainly for family activities and relaxation. However, notable limitations persist in general infrastructure, particularly the number of restrooms and shaded areas. Visitors also demonstrate significant environmental awareness regarding waste and water management. Despite these shortcomings, most respondents express a strong willingness to participate in sustainability programs, such as paying ecological fees and engaging in training activities. The study argues that achieving sustainable recreational tourism in rural settings requires integrated management that combines territorial planning, infrastructure development, and participatory governance. The results provide empirical evidence to enhance local tourism management and guide public policies adapted to rural and border contexts like Tecate.