A scoping review of the impact of community-based food models on health, wellbeing and social connectedness of older people. v1

Background: Life expectancy has increased globally, and, in the UK, however considerable disparities exist in health expectancy particularly for older people from low income and socially deprived backgrounds. While multiple factors contribute to health status in older age, good nutrition and being active socially and physically, remain major determinants of successful ageing. Community-based food models with multigenerational components have been proposed to reduce social isolation and loneliness and have shown potential to enhance health, wellbeing and social connectedness of older people. Objective: The aim of this scoping review is to synthesise the evidence on the impact of community-based food models on health, wellbeing and social connectedness of older people. Methods: This scoping review will be conducted according to the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Systematic literature searches will be conducted in including CINAHL complete, MEDLINE complete, Cochrane Library, PsycInfo and SocINDEX using both key word searches and medical subject headings and Scopus with key terms. Searches will include terms related to older people, communities, community-based activities, food-models, food activities, gardening, cooking classes, lunch clubs and social activities for older people. Studies will be included if they are primary intervention studies using both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods, observational studies without an intervention will be excluded. Results: A narrative review will be produced from the included studies and data synthesis will highlight the interventions strategies that have been successful or unsuccessful and their impact on the health, wellbeing and social connectedness of older people. Conclusion: The findings from this scoping review will identify gaps in the literature and provide novel insights into the development of community-based food models that positively impacts the health, wellbeing and social connectedness of older people.