Knowledge and attitude toward exercise and physical activity during pregnancy among pregnant women: A cross-sectional study

Pregnancy brings about numerous physiological, anatomical, and psychological alterations, with lifestyle behaviors, especially physical activity, being essential for maternal and fetal health. Even though these benefits are well-known, many pregnant women don't get enough exercise. Evaluating the knowledge, attitudes, and physical activity of pregnant women concerning exercise may be crucial for enhancing educational and care programs. The current study aims to assess the knowledge and attitude toward exercise and physical activity during pregnancy in physiological childbirth classes at Sabalan Hospital, Ardabil, Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 pregnant women attending physiological childbirth classes. Participants were randomly selected based on eligibility criteria (age 18–45 years, singleton pregnancy, literacy). Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire (for knowledge and attitudes) and the standard International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form (IPAQ-SF) (for physical activity performance). The mean knowledge score was 90.63 (standard deviation [SD]=8.77), with 93% of women having a high level of knowledge. Education level was significantly associated with knowledge (P<0.001). The mean attitude score was 42.74 (SD=4.46), with 71% demonstrating a high attitude (P=0.064). The mean metabolic equivalent tasks (MET) score for physical activity was 18.7 (SD=8.58), with a median of 17.55, and had a significant association with Education (P<0.050). Pregnant women demonstrated satisfactory knowledge and attitudes regarding exercise; however, their physical activity levels were moderate. Educational interventions and practical programs are recommended to enhance physical activity during pregnancy.