Impact of Insecurity on Socio-Economic Development of Select Communities in Oyo and Ondo States, Nigeria

Background: In recent years, Oyo and Ondo States in Nigeria have faced rising security challenges that threaten community peace, livelihoods, and wellbeing. Yet, little scholarly attention has been given to how these challenges affecting socio-economic development in both states. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of insecurity on socio-economic development of select communities in Oyo and Ondo States, Nigeria. Methodology: The study employed a descriptive design with qualitative and quantitative methods. The target population was 13,292,700 residents of Ondo (5,316,600) and Oyo (7,976,100) States. Using proportional stratified sampling, 820 respondents were selected (328 Ondo, 492 Oyo) and given copies of questionnaire, with 806 valid responses retrieved (324 Ondo, 482 Oyo). Additionally, 25 oral interviews including 10 Key Informant Interviews (KII) and 15 In-depth Interviews (IDI) were conducted. Quantitative data were analysed with ANOVA, while qualitative data underwent content analysis. Results: The study found that both states suffered major loss of lives and property; Ondo also faced revenue loss and breakdown of law-and-order, while some Oyo residents experienced temporary internal displacement Conclusion: The insecurity in Oyo and Ondo states’ communities has not only impacted on criminal justice, but largely affected socio-economic development of the affected communities. Contribution: This study provides a community-level comparison of insecurity in Oyo and Ondo States from a development perspective, advancing both scholarship and policy solutions Recommendations: The study recommended enhancing local security outfits like Amotekun Corps in collaboration with the Nigeria Police and Civil Defense Corps, strengthening laws against kidnapping, banditry, and illegal arms, and ensuring swift prosecution of offenders.