Nursing approaches to maintaining health in older adults during heatwaves: A narrative review

Global climate change has intensified the frequency and severity of heatwaves, posing significant health risks to vulnerable populations—particularly older adults. Age-related impairments in thermoregulation, medication-related risks, and pre-existing health conditions increase susceptibility to heat-related illness. Nurses play a critical role in the prevention, early detection, and management of these risks, yet climate-health content is not enough presented in nursing education and practice. This narrative review aims to explore evidence-based nursing interventions that support older adults during heatwaves and to highlight the role of nursing education, clinical practice, and leadership in climate-responsive healthcare. The narrative review identified nursing strategies, including hydration monitoring, environmental adaptations, medication management, and patient education on heat-related illness prevention. Additionally, it revealed significant gaps in nursing curricula and a lack of formal training in climate-resilient care, particularly in primary healthcare settings. Simulation-based learning and interdisciplinary collaboration were emphasized as promising educational methods. Addressing the health risks of heatwaves among older adults requires a multi-level nursing response. Strengthening climate–health education, enhancing clinical preparedness, and involving nurses in policy development are essential to safeguarding vulnerable populations. Proactive, evidence-informed nursing practice can reduce heat-related morbidity and mortality while advancing equity and resilience in healthcare systems.