Report of Rare Features in the Lungs: A Case Report

Background and Aim: Lungs are the main organs of respiration in the body, whose main function is the ventilation of respiratory air. Through oxygenation, the lungs convert venous blood into arterial blood so that oxygen is available to the cells as the main molecule of the metabolic cycle in the body (production of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)). In a healthy and normal person, the lungs occupy the lateral parts of the chest cavity. Case Presentation: During the dissection of the lungs, it was found that the posterior border of the right lung does not have a normal morphology. The posterior border of the right lung had a heart incisura, similar to which does not exist in normal conditions. Also, the left lung and its external surface had an accessory fissure and lacked normal structure. These conditions cause abnormal and unexpected divisions of pulmonary segments, which lack knowledge, cause diagnostic and surgical errors. Conclusion: Knowing the variation in the anatomical structure of the lungs is particularly important in the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases. The existence of this report and its help in understanding the types of anatomical diversity of the lungs will lead to a greater understanding of the morphological diversity of the lungs in the field of diagnosis in radiology images, CT scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), differentiation of pulmonary pathology, and segmental reconstructive surgeries.