STUDY ON THE USE OF ACTIVE BIOLOGICAL SUBSTANCES IN ENDODONTIC IRRIGATION

Aim of the study Sodium hypochlorite is widely used in endodontics due to its strong antimicrobial and tissue-dissolving properties, but its cytotoxicity and risk of extrusion raise safety concerns. These limitations have sparked interest in biologically active, plant-based alternatives that may offer safer and more biocompatible irrigation solutions. Materials and methods: A structured questionnaire was distributed online to 100 participants, with 50 valid responses analysed. The survey assessed clinical experience, preferred irrigation solutions, incidence of complications, and attitudes toward phytotherapeutic alternatives. Results Sodium hypochlorite was the primary irrigant for 82% of respondents, while 40% reported irrigation-related accidents, mainly involving NaOCl. Although only 14% had used biological irrigants, 96% expressed willingness to adopt them in future practice. EDTA was the preferred agent for smear layer removal (88%), and a growing interest in natural compounds was observed across all experience levels. Conclusions There is strong professional interest in integrating biologically active irrigants into clinical practice. While sodium hypochlorite remains dominant, the demand for safer, non-toxic alternatives supports continued research and development of standardized bio-irrigant formulations The abstract of the paper is to be written here. It contains the main ideas and original contributions and conclusions of the authors’ research. It will be structured as shown here. This is a model.