Identifying priorities for enhancing village health volunteer’s mental health recovery practices in Thai rural communities:A nominal group technique study

Background<br/><br/>World Health Organization (WHO) and Thailand's national policy both advocate for recovery-oriented, community-based mental health care. Village Health Volunteers (VHVs) in Thailand have limited involvement in mental health services despite their pivotal role in Thai primary healthcare, especially in rural settings. This study aims to engage stakeholders to identify and prioritise key areas for VHVs' role expansion, stigma reduction, training needs, and common mental health conditions, thereby enhancing VHVs' contributions to recovery-oriented mental health care in rural Thai communities.<br/><br/><br/>Methods<br/><br/>The study utilised the Nominal Group Technique (NGT). Eight VHVs, six individuals with mental health challenges and caregivers, and four healthcare professionals (HCPs), from three rural subdistricts in Northern Thailand, were purposively and conveniently recruited. Three NGT group were formed: in-person for service providers (VHVs and HCPs) and service users/caregivers, and online for HCPs. Through structured stages of idea generation, sharing, discussion, and ranking, participants identified their top five priorities. Ranked priorities were synthesised, and transcripts were analysed using content analysis.<br/><br/><br/>Results<br/><br/>Eighteen participants attended one of three NGT groups. Collectively, these groups generated 94 ideas in response to four questions. Four themes were identified: (1) Expansion of VHV’s mental health role, including vocational support, family support, emotional support, and community reintegration; (2) Stigma reduction, focusing on changing attitudes, implementing a buddy system, and enhancing mental health literacy; (3)Training needs including training related to stigma reduction, improving<br/><br/>communication skills, and providing mental health awareness education; (4) Common mental health conditions, including psychosis and depression.<br/><br/><br/>Conclusion:<br/><br/>The prioritisation among the three groups varies. High priorities include vocational support, family support, community reintegration and counselling skills. Addressing stigma is a starting point and can be achieved through increased awareness and literacy. Future research should focus on tailored stigma interventions and trainings to support VHVs in providing effective, recovery-oriented care in these communities.<br/><br/>