Clinico-mycological profile of diagnosed cases of dermatophytosis in a tertiary care hospital, Pune: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Dermatophytes are keratinophilic fungi that cause superficial infections of the skin, hair, and nails. The prevalence of dermatophytosis is influenced by factors, such as climate, age, gender, lifestyle, and socioeconomic status. In tropical and subtropical regions, like India, hot and humid conditions contribute to its high incidence. This study aimed to isolate and identify dermatophytes from clinically diagnosed cases of dermatophytosis. Methods: A total of 100 clinically diagnosed cases were examined by direct microscopy (KOH mount) and fungal culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) and Dermatophyte Test Medium (DTM). Results: The most common clinical presentation was Tinea corporis (42%), followed by Tinea cruris (25%) and Tinea unguium (21%). Out of 100 samples, 53 were culture-positive. The predominant isolates were Trichophyton rubrum (30%), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (20%), and Trichophyton violaceum (13.3%). Among culture media, SDA yielded 92.45% isolates, while DTM showed higher sensitivity (96.22%). Conclusion: Isolation and identification of dermatophytes are crucial for accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and epidemiological surveillance. Understanding the local prevalence and etiological agents aids in managing therapeutic challenges and preventing transmission.