Assessment of serum interleukin-1 beta levels in hypothyroid patients: A comparative analysis with a control group and their correlation with biochemical markers of kidney function

Background: Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), a prominent pro-inflammatory cytokine, initiates inflammatory responses implicated in various conditions, including thyroid disease and kidney dysfunction. However, the precise involvement of IL-1β in tissue damage remains undefined. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between kidney function and serum IL-1β levels in hypothyroid patients, in contrast to individuals with normal thyroid function. Methods: Blood samples (5 cc) were collected from study participants and transferred into plain tubes (without anticoagulants). These tubes were immediately centrifuged to isolate the serum, which was then used for the detection of biochemical biomarkers. All markers were quantified using commercially available assay kits. Triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and IL-1β levels were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Urea (Ur) and creatinine (Cr) concentrations were measured by enzymatic and Jaffe methods, respectively. Results: Our findings indicated elevated IL-1β levels in hypothyroid patients compared to normal controls; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.09). Furthermore, IL-1β demonstrated a non-significant positive correlation with TSH, T3, T4, Ur, and Cr in the hypothyroid cohort (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Our data indicate a positive correlation among TSH, IL-1β, Ur, and Cr, suggesting a relationship between hypothyroidism and kidney disease.