Research on the Value and Challenges of Emergency Ethics in Public Health Emergency Management

In the context of globalization, public health emergencies pose a serious threat to social order and people's health. Traditional emergency management focuses on technology and resource allocation, but often overlooks ethical issues, which has given rise to research on public health emergency ethics. The ethical principles include four basic elements: prioritizing life, fairness and justice, responsibility, and respect for privacy. Its framework should incorporate three core principles: humanitarianism as the essence, consideration of special-case priorities beyond fairness and justice, and emphasis on emergency decision-making and multi-stakeholder responsibility. This study aims to provide an ethical decision-making framework for future unpredictable public health emergencies.