Kinetics of crystal violet dyes photocatalytic degradation in an aqueous media using TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized from Tithonia diversifolia leaf crude extracts

The current study focused on the degradation of crystal violet (CV) dyes using TiO2 nanoparticles under UV light irradiation. The TiO2-NPs were biosynthesized using Tithonia diversifolia leaf crude extracts. They were then characterized using FT-IR, XRD, TGA, SEM-EDX, and UV-visible spectrophotometer and employed in dye photodegradation experiments. The T. diversifolia-mediated TiO2-NPs showed a maximum absorbance of 280 nm. The spectroscopic analysis showed thermally stable TiO2 nanoparticles dominated by the anatase phase with Ti-O-Ti and Ti-O functional groups. The nanoparticle efficiency (89.54 %) was greatly influenced by pH (9), interaction time (50 minutes), dosage (30 mg), and concentration (40 mg/L). The kinetic plots indicated that the rate of CV photodegradation followed pseudo-first-order degradation mechanisms. The regeneration studies showed that the TiO2-NPs can be reused with a high degradation efficiency (> 60 %). The findings of the study report a novel, ecologically friendly, and cost-effective technique for TiO2-NPs synthesis for dye wastewater treatment.