The Model of a Healthy and Women-Friendly Physically Active City in the Interactions of Urban Planning

Sustainable urban development and the enhancement of women's health are fundamentally challenged by gender disparities in access to urban and recreation spaces. The aim of this study is to present a model for a city that is both healthful and welcoming to women. This model is designed to encourage physical activity during urban planning interactions, thereby encouraging women to engage more actively in public spaces. Using Glaser’s grounded theory method, this research was conducted using a qualitative approach that was rooted in the interpretive-constructivist paradigm. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with 15 women, experts, and urban and sports planners, who were deliberately chosen until theoretical saturation was achieved. Data analysis was performed using open and axial coding, and the conceptual model of the research was extracted. The results indicated that realizing a healthy and women-friendly city for physical activity requires attention to social, cultural, economic, political, environmental, religious, historical, and technological dimensions. Key factors identified include accessibility to sports facilities, safety, appropriate urban infrastructure design, and social and cultural support. The outcomes of these factors include enhanced individual identity, strengthened social interactions, improved physical and mental health, and a better urban quality of life, as a result of the increased participation of women in physical activities. Comprehensive urban planning focused on gender justice, safety, and accessibility can enhance women's participation in physical activities and serve as an effective step toward sustainable urban development.