Research and Prospect of Multi-Microgrid Energy Interactive Management

With the increasing penetration of new energy devices such as photovoltaic (PV) systems, energy storage systems, and charging piles in the power grid, the one-way energy transmission mode of the traditional distribution network is transforming into a two-way energy flow mode. Although this transformation improves energy utilization efficiency, the characteristics of two-way energy flow and increased load fluctuation in the active distribution network also pose new challenges to the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Currently, effective adjustment can be achieved at the park or building level, but the governance of regional energy fluctuations still faces technical bottlenecks, leading to the need for some regions to limit the access capacity of new distributed energy resources (DERs). Energy interconnection and energy management of multi-microgrids (MMGs) is an important approach to address this situation. By establishing threshold power constraints and a cross-section energy mutual aid mechanism, multi-microgrids can not only enhance the stability of the power grid but also realize the coordinated improvement of low-carbon performance and economic benefits in the region. This paper first analyzes the basic architecture of a single-point microgrid, then discusses the communication architecture, control mode, and control strategy of the microgrid system, and finally prospects the future research directions, aiming to provide theoretical references and technical support for the collaborative control of more microgrids under the scenario of high-penetration distributed energy.