Research on Consensus Protocols in Asynchronous Network Model

As the development of distributed systems progresses,the consensus problem has garnered widespread attention in the field of computer science.The inevitable asynchrony in distributed systems greatly impacts the design of consensus protocols.However,the FLP impossibility result indicates that in asynchronous systems,there is no definitive consensus protocol capable of enabling a distributed system to reach agreement.Researchers have conducted extensive studies on how to circumvent the FLP conclusion in the field of asynchronous consensus.This paper first analyzes the relevant definitions and theories of the distributed consensus problem,summarizing and concluding the definition of asynchronous consensus protocols.Then elaborates on the development trajectory,implementation methods,and performance metrics of asynchronous consensus protocols from the perspective of different strategies to circumvent the FLP conclusion.The paper analyzes and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of avoiding the FLP conclusion through methods such as randomization,partial synchronous models,failure detectors,conditional restrictions,and hybrid consensus approaches.It points out that the design of asynchronous consensus protocols mostly remains at the theoretical stage and is difficult to put into practical use.Finally,briefly discusses the issue of equivalence in consensus,hoping to expand the implementation pathways of consensus protocols and promote the innovation and development of asynchronous consensus protocols.