Measurement of the Dose Buildup Factor of Cesium Source Gamma Rays in Polymer Gel Containing Silver Nanoparticles in Different Concentrations

Introduction and Objectives: Nowadays, the use of ionizing radiation for the treatment of cancerous tumors is becoming increasingly sophisticated and evolving. In this study, the effect of silver nanoparticles on the dose buildup factor in PAGAS polymer gel—as a medium for holding silver nanoparticles—was investigated to evaluate their impact on radiotherapy and to develop suitable shielding materials that are lightweight, non-toxic, and flexible.Materials and Methods: The gamma ray source is a cesium source. Silver nanoparticles are in solution at a concentration of 1000 ppm. The dose buildup factor is measured by a NaI(TL) detector.Results: To investigate the effect of silver nanoparticles on the dose buildup factor, silver nanoparticles from a concentration of 0 to 8 mM were used in two samples of polymer gel, one at a height of 1 cm and the other at a height of 3 cm. From a concentration of 0 to 2 mM of silver nanoparticles, the dose buildup factor has an increasing trend, reaching a maximum value of 1.092 and 1.119 in samples with a height of 1 and 3 cm, respectively, and from a concentration of 2 to 8 mM of silver nanoparticles, the dose buildup factor has a decreasing trend. reaching a minimum value of 1.010 and 1.091 In samples with a height of 1 and 3 cm, respectively.Conclusion: The presence of silver nanoparticles in the polymer gel increases the interaction of the rays, which in cancerous tissue leads to further destruction of the cancerous tissue and in the shield causes further attenuation of the rays.