Double-Layer Low-Carbon Energy Optimization Scheduling for the Electricity-Hydrogen-Heat Multi-Coupling System

Aiming at the distribution and centralized interactive optimization scheduling problem of the park’s electric-hydrogen-heat low-carbon energy system, a two-layer low-carbon energy optimization scheduling method for the park’s electric-hydrogen-heat multi-element coupling system based on the improved alternating direction method of multiplier (ADMM) is proposed. By combining distributed (rooftop photovoltaics, park building electricity and heat loads) with centralized (battery energy storage, hydrogen energy storage, electric thermal storage) energy systems, the upper layer solves the interactive energy value that can be shared by each building in the park based on ADMM. The lower layer aims to minimize the total cost of the park’s energy system operation by using the building interactive energy obtained from the upper layer and the residual power of each building. It then solves the interaction energy between each building and the optimal output of each centralized energy equipment in the park using mixed-integer programming, thereby achieving the precise and optimal interaction of multi-agent energy systems point-to-point. Finally, a case study based on the energy architecture of a low-carbon industrial park is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed low-carbon optimization scheduling method.