Comprehensive Cost Analysis of Multiple Entities under the Coupling Mechanism of Electricity and Carbon

Under the dual carbon vision, the electricity-carbon coupling trading is a development trend in the future. Constructing a generation cost calculation model considering the electricity-carbon coupling of different market entities is beneficial for the decision-making of power generation entities and for the reliable operation of the market under the supervision of power trading institutions. By analyzing the cost structure of multiple power market entities under the electricity-carbon coupling with the life cycle method, a comprehensive cost accounting method for the traditional energy units represented by thermal power and the new energy units represented by photovoltaic under the electricity-carbon coupling mechanism is proposed. Based on the southern power grid of Hebei Province, the comprehensive cost of the market entities is calculated and sensitivity analysis is carried out, and the impacts of the electricity-carbon coupling mechanism on the comprehensive costs of different power units are quantified. The rusults show that the comprehensive cost of the thermal power units is highly sensitive to changes in carbon emission factors, while the comprehensive cost of photovoltaic units is mainly affected by operating costs and power generation utilization hours. This study can provide a references for further improving the electricity price mechanism and market-oriented system, accelerating unit transformation, and promoting energy structure transformation.