Navigating Complications: A Case Study of Broken Double-J Stent – A Rare Case Report

Abstract A Double-J stent, or ureteral stent, is used in urology to facilitate urine drainage from the kidneys to the bladder, particularly when the normal flow is obstructed by kidney stones, tumors, or strictures. Ideal stent placement should be reversible, accurately measured, and ensure guidewire access. However, long-term use can lead to complications such as encrustation, stone formation, hematuria, infections, misplacement, and extraction failures. Severe encrustation can make simple removal difficult, often requiring surgical intervention with risks including voiding symptoms, obstruction, renal function loss, and serious infections. We present a case involving a 72-year-old male who had a Double-J stent placed 3.5 years ago. The stent was not removed, leading to complications, including encrustation around the stent, urinary bladder calculus, and breakage of the stent. An Indwelling Double-J stent, or ureteral stent for long-term use, can lead to complications causing severe symptoms and potentially requiring surgical intervention. Stents often fragment and kink, particularly at insertion sites and side holes. Silicone stents are preferred over polyurethane for their lower calcification risk and higher tensile strength. Placement of Double-J stent should accompany with counseling and education of the patient with clear explanation of long-term complications and the importance of follow-up with timely removal of these stents to prevent complications.