Experimental and Application Research of Novel Polyamine-Based CO2 Absorbents in Gas-Fired Power Plants

ObjectivesCurrently, chemical absorption CO2 capture technology used in post-combustion is rarely applied in large-scale decarbonization projects in gas-fired power plants due to its high operational energy consumption and total costs. In order to reduce the energy consumption, particularly the regeneration energy consumption, it is necessary to carry out experimental research to improve the performance of chemical absorbents.MethodsTwo novel polyamine-based absorbents are developed through composition design, laboratory testing with small-scale experimental setups, and engineering validation.ResultsCompared to monoethanolamine (MEA), the two polyamine absorbents—19% diethylaminoethanol + 9% piperazine + 2% MEA (DT01-5) and 20% 1,4-butanediamine + 5% methyldie-thanolamine+5% 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (DT02-3)—significantly improve absorption loading, absorption rate, desorption rate, and cyclic capacity. Their physicochemical properties are close to those of the 30% MEA commonly used in industrial plants. Through testing on a 2 m3/h small-scale experimental setup, the energy consumption of the two absorbents is reduced by 15.84% and 9.32%, respectively, compared to that of MEA. The 3 000 m3/h industrial test results show that the regeneration heat consumption of the two absorbents decreases by 32.89% and 39.52%, respectively, compared to MEA, while the capture power consumption decreases by 9.83% and 16.14%, respectively. Additionally, other performance indicators improve to varying degrees, resulting in total operating cost reductions of 25.95% and 34.14%, respectively.ConclusionsThe two novel polyamine absorbents demonstrate strong potential for commercial applications.