Landscape studies of the Pacific Railway area in the Mulam River basin

The article examines the ecological characteristics of the landscapes along the Pacific Railway route in the Mulam River basin. This project is highly relevant for transportation and logistics infrastructuresupporting mineral resource extraction, particularly for increasing exports of high-quality coal from the Elga deposit in South Yakutia to East and Southeast Asia. The railway traverses a remote, uninhabited area with insufficientlystudied permafrost landscapes. The development of this territory entails environmental risks due to the low resilience of permafrost geosystems to anthropogenic disturbances. The study revealed that the researched geosystems have degrees of stability, ranging from high to relatively low–depending on their natural structure. Additionally, an assessment of anthropogenic transformation was conducted, accounting for differences in the nature and intensity of economic activity, with areas classified by their degree of transformation (high, relatively high, and relatively low). A landscape (geosystem) zoning map of the territory adjacent to the Pacific Railway was developed, categorizing natural complexes based on their stability and anthropogenic transformation.