Research on Deep Learning-Based Digital Preservation of Spanish Cultural Heritage A Case Study of 3D Reconstruction Applications at the National Library of Spain

This study aims to explore the use of deep learning technology for 3D reconstruction and protection of Spanish cultural heritage. Through high-precision data collection and processing of selected historical buildings, the DeepLabv3+ model was used for semantic segmentation and 3D modeling of images, and accurate digitization of building structures was achieved. The results show that the developed 3D reconstruction method can meet high standards in model integrity, geometric accuracy, and visual authenticity, effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of cultural heritage protection. The study also explored the digital protection strategy based on 3D models and the application of deep learning in continuous monitoring, providing an innovative and feasible heritage protection solution. This study emphasizes the important role and potential value of science and technology in the protection of traditional cultural heritage.