Perianal epidermoid cysts: a report of two cases and literature review

Perianal epidermoid cyst is a rare benign lesion with nonspecific clinical manifestations, often misdiagnosed as perianal abscess or pilonidal sinus. This study reports two cases of perianal epidermoid cysts with diameters approaching or exceeding 10 cm. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed cystic lesions in both patients, and postoperative pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of epidermoid cysts. Complete excision of the lesions was performed, and both patients achieved uneventful recovery. A literature review indicates that this condition predominantly affects young to middle-aged adults. MRI is critical for preoperative localization and differential diagnosis, while complete surgical excision remains the definitive treatment.