An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) of Early Childhood Parents’ Parenting Experiences Based on the Brahmavihara

This study used Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to explore how the Brahmavihara (loving-kindness, compassion, sympathetic joy, and equanimity) is practiced and experienced by five parents of young children. Four main themes emerged: loving-kindness expressed through empathy and teaching care; compassion involving emotional regulation and extending care to others; sharing joy by celebrating growth and achievements; and equanimity shown in consistent, fair parenting and recognizing each child's strengths. These themes reveal the diverse parenting experiences and internal changes from the Brahmavihara perspective. The study provides insights for both academic understanding and practical application of compassionate parenting.