Investigation Temperature Control Based on Piezoelectric Resonant Frequency Temperature Sensors for an Electric Heating System

The article proposes an innovative solution for electric heating systems of large areas at considerable distances using piezoelectric temperature sensors based on resonant frequency measurement. The urgency of the work is due to the need to improve the accuracy and reliability of temperature control in conditions of extended infrastructures, such as industrial facilities or smart heating systems. The developed functional system includes a garland of eight piezoelectric sensors integrated into a self-regulating heating cable, and a control panel with hardware and software for monitoring and correcting parameters in real time. Calibration dependences of the resonant frequency of sensors on temperature have been experimentally obtained, ensuring high measurement accuracy. To validate the system, a test bench has been created that simulates the conditions of large-scale heating. A comparison of the temperature curves recorded by piezoelectric sensors and reference thermocouples demonstrated a close match, confirming the effectiveness of the method. The advantages of the proposed technology include no need for external sensor power, resistance to electromagnetic interference, and the ability to scale. The results of the work open up prospects for the introduction of energy-efficient heating systems in smart cities, on highways and in agriculture. Further research is aimed at optimizing adaptive control algorithms and testing them in real conditions.