Analysis of an avian influenza model with different interventions

In order to effectively prevent and control avian influenza, this study develops a model of avian influenza that considers the transmission between poultry and wild birds. The non-negativity and boundedness of the model solution are proved, the basic reproduction number of the model is defined, and the global stability of the disease-free equilibrium of the model and the persistence of the disease are proved. The optimal control model is established, and the optimal control method that has the lowest economic cost is analyzed using optimal control theory. Finally, the stability of the positive equilibrium and the influence of optimal control measures on disease transmission are investigated. The results show that a single control measure is far from sufficient to contain the epidemic; the combination of multiple control measures is the best strategy to suppress the disease epidemic.