The data of Evaluating the Service Levels of Emergency Shelters in Megacities Under Service Population Pressure: A Case Study of Xi'an, China

Point-of-interest (POI) data—encompassing the locations of emergency shelters, public security facilities, fire stations, administrative offices, and medical institutions in Xi'an—were collected through web crawling from Gaode Map (as of April 2025; https://lbs.amap.com/). Fiscal and statistical data, including public safety expenditures, health expenditures, and the number of medical professionals, were extracted from the 2024 Xi'an Statistical Yearbook. The spatial distribution of the urban population was estimated by integrating 100-meter resolution WorldPop population raster data (2020) with statistical results from the Seventh National Population Census. Topographic information was derived using a 12.5-meter resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) obtained from the ALOS satellite. Furthermore, urban road network and building footprint data were obtained from OpenStreetMap.