Modelling Survival Analysis on Nigeria Demography and Health Through Cox Proportional Hazard and Frailty Models

This study looked at the main causes of child death rate (Under-five children mortality) in Nigeria. Data from 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) were used in the study. The sample was representative of the entire country. At about 41,821 women were questioned on their personal traits, child healthcare practices, and the survival status of their children, and out of which 7700 under-five children were reported dead. The study uses the Survival analysis techniques and frailty modelling on some selected factors which include birth interval, nutritional status, contaminated environment, antenatal care, health behaviour, wealth status, mother’s education, occupation of parents and the overall sudden event which is death. According to the results of other researchers who conducted comparable studies, found that the under-five mortality rate is significantly correlated with indicators such as mother’s education, marital status, religion, and geographical region but not correlated with indicators like breastfeeding. As a result, the study concluded that using the Frequentists and Bayesian approaches the Cox-proportional hazard model and frailty models are used in drawing conclusion that demonstrate the strong correlation between the under-five mortality rate and Demographic factors including (sex of the household head, sex of the child and number of births in the previous year) were shown to be significant at home level but not at the community level