A Comparison of Pashto and Turkmen Languages Vowel

Vowel sounds, which do not obstruct the vocal tract when articulated, are fundamental to language's movement, sound, and rhythm. They form the core of syllables, and the interplay between these syllables and sounds constructs words, phrases, sentences, and ultimately, entire languages. This research uses a comparative and observational approach to compare the vowel sounds of the Pashto language with those of the Turkmen language. The study compares Pashto's seven vowel sounds with Turkmen's nine vowel sounds. Six of the Pashto vowels align completely with those in Turkmen. The remaining vowel can be articulated using Turkmen's short and long vowel sounds. Additionally, Pashto diphthongs complement the Turkmen vowel system. These similarities and differences provide valuable insights for both languages' readers, students, and researchers. The findings offer significant benefits to scholars and learners of Pashto and Turkmen.