An Investigation of Naturalism in the Poetry of Afif Bakhtari

This research aims to identify the structured characteristics of nature and the approach to naturalism in the poetry of Afif Bakhtari. Bakhtari is one of the pioneers of contemporary Persian-Dari poetry in naturalism, imagery, and ideation. He is considered a poet of all times and places of his era. The findings of this study indicate that nature, through Bakhtari's poetry, reflects a vibrant spectrum of artistic, literary values, and aesthetic manifestations within the rich vocabulary of today’s Ghazal. Bakhtari is a poet who is people-oriented, socially aware, culturally rooted, and committed to authenticity; these elevated intellectual traits transform him into a poet full of passion and excitement. The rationale for this exploration is based on the essence of the patterns of nature and their functions in Bakhtari's poetry, prompting the researcher to examine and identify the application of nature and naturalism in his works. The methodology employed in this research is descriptive-analytical with a referential approach. This study focuses on the poetic evidence of Afif Bakhtari and aims to identify which patterns of nature and naturalism have emerged in his verses.