Larvicidal activity of Gledistia triacanthos leaf extract against Culex quinquefasciatus

Mosquitoes spread diseases that kill millions ever year and have acquired resistance to chemical insecticides, adding to higher vectorial capacity. Culex quinquefasciatus is a vector of various diseases, including West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis, and filariasis. Another source of mosquito repellents could be plants. The present study investigated the larvicidal effects of Gledistia triacanthos dried leaf extract in methanol and hexane on the Culex quinquefasciatus species. The larvicidal effects of the plant extracts were examined in a 100 mL range at various concentrations of 20%, 10%, 5%, and 2.5% for 24 hours using laboratory bioassays. 25 larvae were introduced in five duplicates to prepare vol/vol solutions of plant leaf extract for the larvicidal experiment. Using the mortality data, the lethal concentrations (LC50) needed to kill 50% of the treated larvae of the relevant species was determined. The leaves' phytochemical screening was also evaluated. After 24-hour exposure duration, the results of both extracts showed moderate effects; however, the methane extract had the maximum harmful effect (4.857 mL/100 mL of methanol and 2.73 mL/100 mL of hexane). Numerous plant metabolites were discovered based on phytochemical data, which might have played a role in the larvae's deaths. According to this study the methane extract from Gledistia triacanthos leaves may therefore be used as a larvicidal agent,