High-Resolution Mapping of Building Material Stocks and Lifecycle Embodied Carbon Emissions in China

Spatial patterns of material stocks in buildings are essential for understanding resource utilization, guiding spatial planning, and informing environmental management. In this study, we propose a volume-based framework for mapping material stocks and lifecycle embodied carbon emissions in buildings at a 10m resolution, applied to the entire Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei urban agglomeration(BTH-UA) in China. By integrating multi-source remote sensing data, GIS products, crowdsourced data, and material intensity databases for ten major materials, we provide a comprehensive assessment of both material stocks and embodied carbon emissions. The results indicate that the BTH-UA harbors a total material stock of 19,600Mt, with corresponding lifecycle embodied carbon emissions reaching 3,946MtCO e. This integrated mapping offers valuable insights for resource management, spatial planning, and climate mitigation strategies.