Study of the modulating factors combined action on reparative osteogenesis

Background. At the present stage, experimental studies and clinical observations are continuing to develop new treatment methods for improvement of bone fracture healing. In the era of increasing incidence of primary malignant and metastatic bone tumors, as well as in times of traumatic epidemics during the war, studying the possibilities of influencing the course of bone repair in order to accelerate or improve it is a justified direction of experimental research. Objective: to study the influence of modulating factors — infrared laser radiation, calcitonin and probiotic based on Bifidobacterium animalis — on the healing of a bone defect in an in vivo experiment. ­Materials and methods. Reparative osteogenesis was studied in 32 animals (Wistar rats) whose tibia were injured with a dental drill using ketamine anesthesia. The influence of modulating factors on the formation of bone callus was assessed by studying the injured limbs of animals using the Toshiba Radrex X-ray diagnostic system, with a power of 80 kW, a radiation dose during digital radiography of 0.03 mSv, ventrodorsal positioning (on the stomach, back up), as well as right lateral (side views). Results. The study showed that the formation of bone callus under the influence of the laser is active, but nonlinear and not always symmetrical, which is in line with the results obtained in other studies. Instead, this work for the first time paid attention to the study of the combined effect of several modulating factors on reparative osteogenesis, namely laser irradiation, calcitonin and probiotic. It should be noted that we observed the maximum stimulating effect on the formation of bone callus in experimental animals in the laser + calcitonin group, which can even be characterized as excessive reparative activity of bone tissue. On the other hand, in the groups where a probiotic was present, reparative osteogenesis in rats proceeded more harmoniously, demonstrating better radiological results, such as in the calcitonin + probiotic group and especially in the group where the B.animalis preparation was combined with laser and calcitonin administration. It can be reasonably assumed that the inhe­rent ability of B.animalis to normalize calcium metabolism creates conditions for reparative osteogenesis, as close as possible to the physiological scenario. Conclusions. The combination of calcitonin with a probiotic, as well as laser irradiation with calcitonin and a probiotic promoted harmonious reparative osteogenesis, which is confirmed by the corresponding radiological picture. The ability of B.animalis to reduce the intensity of systemic inflammation, to modulate calcium absorption from the intestine and influence its metabolic pathways may be a prerequisite for achieving complete bone repair.