CONDITIONALLY PATHOGENIC MICROFLORA IN HOOF LESIONS OF DAIRY COWS: MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS BASED ON WASH SAMPLES

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the microbiological characteristics and pathogenetic mechanisms of diseases affecting the distal part of the hooves in high-yielding cattle. During the research, 30 samples taken directly from wound surfaces under farm conditions were studied in a complex manner, and various pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms were identified. Among the main isolated strains were Fusobacterium necrophorum (86%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (73%), Staphylococcus aureus (50%), Escherichia coli (83%), and Streptococcus pyogenes (20%). According to the results of biological tests, the diagnosis of necrobacteriosis was confirmed in 86% of cases. The identified microorganisms were often found in association, intensifying the inflammatory process. This indicates the multifactorial nature of the infectious process and the interaction between pathogens. The article emphasizes the importance of a complex approach based on microbiological analysis in the effective treatment of hoof diseases. Such an approach includes the identification of pathogens, assessment of their antibiotic susceptibility, the use of immunomodulators, optimization of feed rations, and improvement of housing (zoohygienic) conditions. The research results are of practical and scientific significance for maintaining farm productivity, preventing hoof diseases, and improving treatment effectiveness.