Advanced Numerical Simulations of Point Absorber Wave Energy Converters: A New Approach with OpenFOAM

This study presents an advanced numerical modeling framework for simulating a point absorber wave energy converter based on the Wavestar device using OpenFOAM v2212. A CFD-based numerical wave tank is developed incorporating the k-ω SST turbulence model, refined meshing strategies, and a custom spring–damper power take-off model. The float’s motion is constrained to heave, and wave-structure interaction is simulated under regular wave conditions. The numerical model is validated against 1:5 scale physical experiments conducted in a wave basin. For the critical test case, the developed model achieves a normalized root mean square error of 4.96% in power take-off force and <6.2% in displacement, showing a clear improvement over previous numerical results. Mesh independence analysis confirms convergence near 180,000 cells. Flow field analysis reveals counter-rotating vortex pairs and backflow cores near the float’s upper surface. The improved solver configuration and mesh resolution demonstrably enhance simulation fidelity, contributing a validated, efficient tool for wave energy converter design optimization.