INCIDENCE OF PORT SITE HERNIA POST LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat gallbladder disease, replacing open cholecystectomies since the 1990s. It is recommended for treating cholecystitis, symptomatic cholelithiasis, biliary dyskinesia, acalculous cholecystitis, gallstone pancreatitis, and gallbladder masses/polyps. Aim: To evaluate the frequency, risk factors, and prevention for the port site hernia. Patients and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil, Iraq, focusing on patients who underwent lap. cholecystectomy. The study included 839 cases, out of the eligible sample, 556 patients were examined, with only 9 developing PSH. The study aimed to identify patients who developed an incisional hernia at the trocar site after the surgery. Results: The study found that only 9 patients developed port site hernia, with an incidence of 1.6%. The majority of patients with post-operative wound infection were females with a significant difference between PSH and non-PSH groups. Open entry was found in 77.8% of PSH and 35.1% of non-PSH groups, while close entry was found in 22.2% and 64.9% of PSH and non-PSH groups, respectively. Port site suturing was not significantly different between PSH and non-PSH groups. The use of antibiotics and entry types were not significant. Early hernia was reported in 28.6% of patients with an open entry, but no significant difference was found in diagnosis time. Conclusion: Port-site hernia (PSH) is a serious complication after laparoscopic surgery, with females and open entry without suturing being the most prominent risk factors.