Comparative Effects of Traditional Resistance Training and Circuit-Based Resistance Training on Flexibility Among Intercollegiate Male Handball Players

Abstract: This study examined the comparative effects of traditional resistance training and circuit-based resistance training on flexibility among 36 intercollegiate male handball players aged 18–23 years. Using a randomized pre-test and post-test design, participants were divided into three groups: traditional resistance training, circuit-based resistance training, and control. Both training interventions produced significant improvements in flexibility, while the control group showed negligible change. Circuit-based resistance training demonstrated greater gains compared to traditional resistance training, highlighting its dynamic and multi-muscle engagement benefits. The findings suggest that structured resistance programs, particularly circuit-based formats, can effectively enhance flexibility, reduce injury risk, and improve athletic performance in handball. Coaches and trainers may incorporate these methods into conditioning regimens to optimize player outcomes.