Systematic hazard analysis of flare system nodes in Chemical process safety

Multidimensional consequences may arise from an accident in the flare system of any chemical or petrochemical plant due to the improperly managed flare system, which can lead to the presence of the toxic and flammable gases. The Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) is a systematic method used to assess and identify risks that can occur during operation, ensuring risk reduction and the safety of using equipment or units. This study aims to apply the HAZOP technique to identify the hazards associated with the gas flaring process in an air-assisted flare. The air-assisted flare system was subdivided into four sections (nodes), which were analyzed separately. These nodes included the gas supply line, air supply line, pilot flame line, and flare unit. A total of 11 potential high-risk factors related to gas flaring were identified and measured to eliminate or mitigate these risks, which were recommended to reduce the negative effects on human health, the environment, and the economy.