A Review on Jack Fruit Seeds and Their Uses

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) is a widely cultivated tropical fruit, prominent in India and Southeast Asia. Although primarily consumed for its sweet bulbs, jackfruit seeds represent an underutilized by-product, rich in nutrients, bioactive compounds, and functional properties. This review consolidates current research on the composition, processing, health-promoting attributes, modification techniques, antinutritional factors, and diverse applications of jackfruit seeds across food, pharmaceutical, and industrial sectors. Processing and value-addition strategies are highlighted, emphasizing the seeds’ promise as sustainable, healthful, and eco-friendly ingredients. Opportunities and future directions for maximizing jackfruit seed utility are also discussed.