Antifungal and antidandruff potential of mountain knot grass in herbal shampoo formulation

Dandruff is a prevalent scalp condition commonly associated with fungal infections, particularly by Malassezia species, and is often managed using synthetic antifungal shampoos that may cause adverse effects with prolonged use. This study explores the antidandruff efficacy of a herbal shampoo formulated with Polygonum aviculare (mountain knot grass), a plant known for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and astringent properties. Methanolic and aqueous extracts of the plant were incorporated into shampoo formulations and evaluated for physicochemical properties, antifungal activity, and overall effectiveness against dandruff-causing fungi. The formulated shampoo exhibited favorable pH, foaming ability, and cleansing power, while also showing significant inhibitory activity against Malassezia furfur in vitro. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and phenolic compounds, which are believed to contribute to the antidandruff effect. The results suggest that mountain knot grass-based shampoo is a promising natural alternative to conventional antidandruff products, offering both efficacy and safety.