A Narrative Review on Capsaicin: A Multifaceted Herbal Agent

Capsaicin, the fiery compound found in chilli peppers, has attracted significant attention recently, with extensive interest in its diverse pharmacological properties, including analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer potential and antimicrobial effects. In recent years, research has extended into its dental applications, particularly its role as an alternative or adjunctive anaesthetic and antiinflammatory agent. The present narrative review presents an in-depth examination of all medical and dental research on capsaicin to date, highlighting its mechanism of action, systemic effects and clinical relevance in dentistry, including its potential utility as a topical anaesthetic, its role in oral mucosal conditions and implications for minimally invasive procedures.