UNDERSTANDING RUKSHANA KARMA IN AYURVEDA: MECHANISMS, INDICATIONS, AND THERAPEUTIC INSIGHTS

ABSTRACTWith the increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, dyslipidemia, obesity, anxiety, and depression, largely due to sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, and stress, there is a growing need for preventive and corrective measures. Ayurveda classifies many of these conditions under Santarpanajanya Vyadhi, which are best managed through Apatarpana Chikitsa. Among the six therapeutic approaches described by Acharya Charaka in Shadvidhopakrama, Rukshana plays a pivotal role in inducing Apatarpana both internally and externally. Rooted in the concept of dryness (Rukshata), Rukshana employs drugs and practices with properties such as dryness, lightness, roughness, and hot potency, dominated by Vayu, Tejas, and Prithvi Mahabhutas. Herbs from Lekhaniya Mahakashaya like Musta, Haridra, Katuki, and Chitraka, as well as dietary regimens like Takra and Madhu, form the therapeutic basis of Rukshana. This therapy is indicated in conditions like Sthoulya, Prameha, Amavata, Urusthambha, and Kapha-related disorders, and is implemented through modalities including Udvartana, Ruksha Sweda, Takrapana, and various formulations. Proper administration yields benefits such as improved digestion, lightness, and enhanced metabolism, whereas overuse or underuse may lead to adverse outcomes. In Panchakarma, Rukshana serves as an essential preparatory procedure before Snehana and Shodhana. Thus, Rukshana stands as a crucial Ayurvedic intervention in managing lifestyle disorders and promoting holistic health.