Physico-chemical analysis of soil: A comparative study of Borjan and Upper Tiru Coalmine under Naginimora Sub-division, Mon, Nagaland

This study compares the Physico-chemical properties of soil from Borjan and Upper Tiru coal mines in Mon District, Nagaland. The two regions, exposed to different mining practices-rat-hole (underground) in Borjan and open-cast in Upper Tiru reveal differences in soil quality. Results indicate that Borjan has a healthier soil compared to Upper Tiru although both areas pose potential risk if not monitored regularly. The soil samples were analyzed for soil pH, Texture, moisture content, nitrogen, organic carbon, phosphorous, exchangeable potassium, electrical conductivity, bulk density and particle density. The upper Tiru coal mine area (open cast mining) employs heavy machinery for large scale mining results in mass excavation of surface land and thereby causing stronger soil acidity and higher electrical conductivity. This also shows the salinization risk and nutrient depletion. These findings suggest the need for regular monitoring, intervention of government for strategic planning such as soil reclamation through vegetating and backfilling the excavated pits to ensure ecological sustainability and soil recovery in mining impacted regions.