Characteristics and Profiles of Anxiolytic Self-Medication Among Physicians in Morocco: A Descriptive Study of 147 Cases

Introduction: Self-medication, particularly with psychotropic drugs like benzodiazepines, is an increasing global concern due to their addictive potential and long-term negative effects, especially among physicians. This study aims to examine anxiolytic self-medication practices among physicians in Morocco by assessing prevalence, substances used, associated factors, and mental health outcomes. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among 147 physicians using an anonymous online questionnaire. Collected data included sociodemographic, professional, and psychiatric details, along with information on self-medication behaviors. Results: 34% of the surveyed physicians reported self-prescribing anxiolytics. The most commonly used substances were hydroxyzine (63.5%), alprazolam (58.1%), and bromazepam (38.7%). The primary reasons were anxiety management (83.3%) and sleep issues (43.9%). Unsupervised use was reported in 42.5% of cases. Adverse effects, such as dizziness and headaches, were reported by 23% of users. Although 60.9% found the practice effective, 78.2% recommended seeking specialized care instead of self-medicating. Conclusion: Anxiolytic self-medication is both prevalent and troubling among Moroccan physicians. It reveals psychological vulnerabilities exacerbated by mental health stigma and easy access to psychotropics. These results underscore the need for targeted interventions, awareness campaigns, stricter regulation of medication access, and enhanced mental health support systems for healthcare workers.