Biomineralization Ability of Cave Microorganisms

Biomineralization in cave environments is a dynamic process where microorganisms play a critical role in the formation of various minerals under extreme conditions.These microorganisms contribute to the development of speleothems, such as stalactites and stalagmites, by precipitating minerals like calcium carbonate, gypsum, silica, iron oxides, and manganese oxides.The processes of Biologically Induced Mineralization (BIM) and Biologically Controlled Mineralization (BCM) are key mechanisms in this context, leading to the formation of intricate and diverse mineral structures.This study explores the mineralization pathways facilitated by cave microorganisms and their implications for understanding geological processes, microbial ecology, and potential applications in biotechnology and environmental science.Future research in this area holds promise for advancing our knowledge of life in extreme environments and developing innovative biotechnological applications, including sustainable construction and bioremediation.