Fistula Laser Closure: Early outcomes and influencing factors

Background: Fistula laser closure is a surgical technique developed in accordance with the trend toward minimally invasive procedures that preserve the anal sphincter. Its mechanism involves destroying the fistula epithelium and inducing shrinkage of the surrounding tissues through laser energy, thereby sealing the fistula lumen. This approach causes minimal damage to anatomical structures and is associated with a low incidence of postoperative complications, particularly fecal incontinence. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the early outcomes and influencing factors of this technique. Methods: The study size was determined by the number of consecutive patients who underwent FiLaC procedures at Hanoi Medical University Hospital between February 2024 and June 2024. This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively maintained database. Results: A total of 30 patients underwent fistula laser closure. The mean operative time was 27.5 minutes, and the mean hospital stay was 1.27 days. The patients were followed for a mean duration of 10.6 months. The primary healing rate was 70%, and by the end of the study, 90% of patients had achieved complete healing. No serious postoperative complications were observed. Conclusion: Fistula laser closure is a minimally invasive and safe treatment modality for anal fistula, offering a high fistula closure rate and low complication rates.